The agricultural tractor trenching and ridging machine is a critical supporting implement in modern farming. It connects to tractors to finish operations like soil trenching, ridging, and supporting tasks such as fertilization and soil preparation. It is extensively applied to planting various crops and comes in diverse types with distinct structural features.
Common Types
| Type | Matching Tractors | Application Scenarios | Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Handheld tractor - matched type | 12 - horsepower and above handheld tractors | Small - scale operations like strawberry, potato planting in greenhouses and small plots | Compact size (e.g., 12010070cm for the 151 - type), light weight (around 160kg). It can complete trenching and ridging in one go, with neat trench walls and non - collapsing ridges. Its adjustable trench depth ranges from 30 - 38cm and width from 30 - 50cm, which is suitable for narrow spaces |
| Crawler - type (for tractor matching or self - propelled with tractor - like power) | Self - equipped with 35 - 40 horsepower single - cylinder diesel engines (can also cooperate with small and medium - sized tractors for power supplement) | Orchards, hills, slopes, and large - area economic crop planting areas such as kiwifruit and grape gardens | It adopts a rubber track design, featuring good grip and not easy to slip. It can turn in place and has strong passability. It integrates multiple functions like trenching, ridging, fertilization, and weeding. For example, a certain model has an adjustable trenching depth of 0 - 40cm and a working speed of 450 - 1200 meters per hour |
| Large - sized suspension type | 40 - 80 horsepower four - wheel tractors | Open - field large - scale planting of crops like scallions, ginger, and corn | It is hung at the rear of large tractors. It has a large operation width and high efficiency. Its trenching depth can reach 0.5 - 1.2m, which is suitable for trenching irrigation ditches and large - scale ridging operations. It often adopts gear transmission to ensure stable power during heavy - load work |
Core Structural and Functional Configurations
Power and Transmission System: It mainly relies on the power output of tractors and uses gear, chain, or triangular belt transmission. Some large - scale or integrated models are equipped with independent diesel engines (35 - 40 horsepower is common). Gear transmission is widely used for its durability. For instance, some crawler models have separate driving and transmission gearboxes, ensuring stable operation in hilly areas.
Operating Tools: The trenching blades are usually made of 65 manganese steel. Some blades are reinforced with wear - resistant welding rods, which are 10 times more durable than ordinary blades. Besides, by replacing accessories, it can realize multi - functions such as rotary tillage, weeding, and fertilization. For example, the crawler - type model can be equipped with a 105cm - wide rotary tillage device and a 100cm - wide weeding device.
Auxiliary Mechanisms: Hydraulic lifting is adopted for most operating tools, facilitating depth adjustment. The crawler - type models are also equipped with auger - type forced fertilizer discharge devices, with the fertilizer application rate adjustable from 0.5 to 15 kilograms per meter, which can adapt to both chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure.
Key Advantages
High Efficiency: It significantly outperforms manual work. The handheld type's efficiency is dozens of times that of manual labor, and the crawler - type can work at a speed of 500 - 1800 meters per hour. A crawler - type machine can save over 1,000 yuan in labor costs per day. For a 100 - mu orchard, it only takes 2 - 3 days to finish the work that would require dozens of people to complete manually.
Strong Adaptability: It can work on various soil types including frozen soil, clay, and black soil. The handheld type is suitable for greenhouses and narrow plots, while the crawler - type can operate smoothly in hilly and sloping areas. Its adjustable parameters such as trench depth, width, and ridge spacing can meet the planting requirements of different crops.
Good Operation Quality: Mechanized operation ensures consistent specifications of trenches and ridges, with an error of no more than 2cm. The neatly arranged trenches and ridges are conducive to uniform water and fertilizer distribution. The loose soil structure after operation also helps improve crop survival rate and yield.
Typical Application Cases
Strawberry Planting: The handheld tractor - matched machine forms 30 - 40cm high ridges to avoid waterlogging of strawberry roots and improve soil permeability.
Orchard Management: The crawler - type machine can perform trenching and fertilization operations under fruit trees. It can apply farmyard manure by digging separate trenches and chemical fertilizers with automatic backfilling after fertilization, reducing nutrient loss.
Ginger and Scallion Planting: Large - sized suspension models dig deep trenches of 30 - 40cm, which meets the deep planting needs of ginger and scallions. Subsequent ridging operations can also protect the roots of crops and promote growth.
